Large numbers of pioneer settlers began arriving in the Willamette Valley in the 1840s via the Oregon Trail, though life was originally centered in nearby Oregon City. This climate is ideal for growing roses, and Portland has been called the 'City of Roses' for over a century. Its climate is marked by warm, dry summers and cool, rainy winters. The city operates with a commission-based government, guided by a mayor and four commissioners, as well as Metro, the only directly elected metropolitan planning organization in the United States. Beginning in the 1960s, Portland became noted for its growing progressive political values, earning it a reputation as a bastion of counter-culture. After the city's economy experienced an industrial boom during World War II, its hard-edged reputation began to dissipate. At the turn of the 20th century, the city had a reputation as one of the most dangerous port cities in the world, a hub for organized crime and racketeering. Its water access provided convenient transportation of goods, and the timber industry was a major force in the city's early economy. Named after Portland, Maine, the Oregon settlement began to be populated in the 1830s, near the end of the Oregon Trail. Approximately 47% of Oregon's population resides within the Portland metropolitan area. Its combined statistical area (CSA) ranks 19th-largest with a population of around 3.2 million. Approximately 2.5 million people live in the Portland metropolitan statistical area (MSA), making it the 25th most populous in the United States. As of 2020, Portland had a population of 652,503, making it the 25th-most populated city in the United States, the sixth-most populous on the West Coast, and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest, after Seattle. It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest, at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in Northwestern Oregon. state of Oregon, and the seat of Multnomah County. Portland ( / ˈ p ɔːr t l ə n d/, PORT-lənd) is the largest and most populous city in the U.S.

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